Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome 

Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS) is a condition affecting short-nosed (brachycephalic) dog breeds. Because of their facial structure, these dogs can struggle to breathe normally - especially during exercise, warm weather, or times of excitement. BOAS surgery is designed to improve airflow, reduce breathing effort, and significantly enhance quality of life.

What Is BOAS?

BOAS occurs when one or more anatomical features partially block airflow in the upper airway. These obstructions increase the effort required to breathe and can worsen over time.

Common breeds affected include:

  • French Bulldogs

  • English Bulldogs

  • Pugs

  • Boston Terriers

  • Shih Tzus

  • Boxers

Signs and Symptoms of BOAS

Dogs with BOAS may show mild to severe symptoms, including:

  • Noisy or labored breathing

  • Snoring or snorting when awake or asleep

  • Exercise intolerance or tiring easily

  • Gagging or retching

  • Heat intolerance

  • Cyanosis (bluish gums in severe cases)

  • Collapse in advanced cases

If left untreated, BOAS can progress and place significant strain on the heart and lungs.

What Causes the Breathing Difficulty?

BOAS is usually caused by a combination of the following anatomical features:

  • Stenotic nares – narrowed nostrils

  • Elongated soft palate – excess tissue obstructing the airway

  • Everted laryngeal saccules – tissue protruding into the airway due to chronic strain

  • Hypoplastic trachea – abnormally narrow windpipe (not surgically correctable, but important to recognize)

BOAS Surgery: How It Helps

BOAS surgery aims to widen and stabilize the airway, allowing air to move more freely with less effort.

Depending on your dog’s anatomy, surgery may include:

  • Widening the nostrils (stenotic nares correction)

  • Shortening the elongated soft palate

  • Removal of everted laryngeal saccules (when indicated)

These procedures are often performed together during a single anesthetic event.

Benefits of BOAS Surgery

Most dogs experience significant improvement after surgery, including:

  • Easier, quieter breathing

  • Improved exercise tolerance

  • Better heat regulation

  • Reduced risk of airway emergencies

  • Improved overall comfort and quality of life

Early intervention — often at a younger age — can lead to better long-term outcomes.

Is My Dog a Candidate for Surgery?

Your dog may benefit from BOAS surgery if they:

  • Show ongoing breathing difficulties

  • Struggle with exercise or warm temperatures

  • Have experienced airway distress episodes

  • Are diagnosed with correctable airway abnormalities

A thorough examination, often including airway assessment under anesthesia, is required to determine the most appropriate treatment plan.

Anesthesia and Safety

Brachycephalic dogs require special care during anesthesia. Our team uses tailored anesthetic protocols, advanced monitoring, and careful airway management to minimize risks before, during, and after surgery.

Your dog will be closely monitored throughout recovery, as the post-operative period is especially important for airway patients.

Recovery and Aftercare

Most dogs go home within 24 hours after surgery. Recovery typically includes:

  • Rest and limited activity for 10–14 days

  • Soft food during initial healing

  • Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medication

  • Monitoring for swelling or breathing changes

Improvements in breathing are often noticed soon after surgery, with continued benefits as healing progresses.

Ready To Take The Next Step? Schedule a BOAS Consultation!

If your dog shows signs of breathing difficulty, early evaluation is key. Our team is happy to assess your pet, discuss treatment options, and determine whether BOAS surgery may help them live a more comfortable, active life.  We invite you to contact our hospital at 925-825-8464 to schedule a consultation to determine if BOAS surgery is the right option for your dog.